Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-AC kunye ne-DC?

Njengenxalenye ephambili kwigridi yombane, Iitransformer zamandla ziphambili kwindlela esisasaza kwaye sisebenzisa ngayo umbane. Kodwa umbane ohamba ngezi transformers uza ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili: i-Alternating Current (AC) kunye ne-Direct Current (DC). Ukuqonda umahluko kubalulekile ekuqondeni iinkqubo zamandla zanamhlanje.

E-[I-Arhente yezeMpilo kaRhulumente], ingcali kwiisiguquli samandlaKwimveliso, sijongana nombane we-AC yonke imihla. Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza ngokucacileyo umahluko phakathi kwe-AC ne-DC, isizathu sokuba i-AC ibe ngumgangatho weegridi zamandla, kunye nalapho i-DC iyimfuneko khona.

Umahluko Oyintloko: Umzekeliso Olula

Khawucinge ngokuhamba kombane okufana namanzi ahamba ngepayipi.

 

Umbane othe ngqo (DC)kufana namanzi aqukuqelayongokuthe ngcembe nangokuqhubekayo kwicala elinyephantsi kombhobho othe tye. Kuyaqondakala kwaye kuyafana.

Umbane oTshintshisayo (i-AC)kufana namanzibegijima besihla benyuka ngesingqishokwipayipi. Intshukumo yenethi ayiziro, kodwa amandla asadluliselwa ngentshukumo.

 

Lo mahluko ubalulekileyo kwiindlela yokuhambangundoqo we-AC kunye ne-DC.

 

 

Uthelekiso olusecaleni: AC vs. DC

 

 

Ukuntywila nzulu kwiinkalo eziphambili

1. Ukuhamba kwangoku kunye neNdlela

I-DC:Isitshixo apha nguNgqo... Itshaja yombane ihamba kwicala elinye, elingagungqiyo ukusuka kwisiphelo esihle ukuya kwisiphelo esibi. Cinga ngethotshi esebenza ngebhetri; amandla ahamba ngqo esuka kwibhetri aye kwibhalbhu.

KWAYE:Isitshixo apha nguUkutshintshana. Itshaja yombane ijika icala rhoqo. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zamandla, oku kwenzeka amaxesha angama-50 okanye angama-60 ngomzuzwana (kulinganiswa njengeHertz, Hz). Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-elektroni ezikwintambo yendlu yakho ziyangcangcazela zibuyela umva amaxesha angama-60 ngomzuzwana, azihambi ngomjikelo oqhubekayo.

2. "Imfazwe yeMisinga" kunye nesizathu sokuba i-AC iphumelele kwiGrid Transmission

Oku akuyombali nje kuphela; sisizathu esiyintloko sokuba igridi yethu yamandla yakhelwe kwi-AC, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kutheniabaguquli bamandlazigxeka kakhulu.

Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, uThomas Edison waxhasa iDC, ngelixa uNikola Tesla noGeorge Westinghouse baxhasa i-AC. I-AC iphumelele "iMfazwe yeMisinga" ngesizathu esinye esiphambili:ukuguquguquka.

Ingxaki ngokudlulisa i-DC:Xa umbane uhamba umgama omde, ujongene nokumelana kwiingcingo, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kombane njengobushushu. Ukuze unciphise oku kulahleka, kufuneka udlulise umbane ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu.i-voltage ephezuluuze "uhle" uye kwi-voltage ekhuselekileyo nephantsi emakhaya nakwiishishini.

Isiphene Esibulalayo seDC:Ngeminyaka yoo-1880, bekungekho ndlela isebenzayo neyongayo yokunyusa okanye yokunciphisa i-DC voltage.

Inzuzo yokuphumelela ye-AC:I-voltage ye-AC inokwandiswa ngokulula (inyuswe ngokunyuka) kwaye yehliswe (inyuswe ngokunyuka) kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yiisiguquli.

Kulapho ubuchule bethu bungena khona.Abaguquli bamandlaKwizikhululo ezivelisa umbane, i-AC voltage inyuswa iye kumanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu (njenge-400,000 volts okanye ngaphezulu) ukuze idlulisele umgama omde ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye ilahleko incinci. Emva koko, kwizikhululo ezikufutshane neendawo ezinabantu abaninzi, ezinye ii-transformers zinciphisa i-voltage iye kwi-120/240V esiyisebenzisayo emakhayeni ethu.

Olu buchule bulula bokuguqula i-voltage yiyo loo nto i-AC yaba ngumgangatho ongathandabuzekiyo kwiigridi zamandla zehlabathi.

3. Izicelo Zanamhlanje: Apho Nganye Ikhanya Khona

Nangona i-AC ilawula igridi, i-DC ayisasebenzi kwaphela. Uhlobo ngalunye lugqwesile kwidomeyini yalo:

I-AC yeyona ilungileyo kwi:

Ukunika amandla izixeko kunye nezindlu ziphela.

Iimoto zoshishino kunye noomatshiniezilula nezithembekileyo ngakumbi kwi-AC.

Izicelo ezinamandla aphezulunjengokufudumeza nokukhanyisa.

I-DC ibalulekile kwi:

Izixhobo zombane:Ifowuni yakho, ilaptop, iTV, kunye nazo zonke izixhobo zedijithali zisebenza ngaphakathi kwiDC. Yingakho iiadaptha zabo zamandla (okanye "iitshaja") ziyi-AC-to-DC converters.

 

Iibhetri:Zonke iibhetri (kuquka nezo zikwii-EV) zigcina kwaye zibonelela ngombane we-DC.

 

Amandla elanga:Iiphaneli zelanga zivelisa umbane we-DC, nto leyo efuna i-inverter ukuze iwuguqulele kwi-AC ukuze isetyenziswe ekhaya.

 

Izithuthi zoMbane:Iibhetri ze-EV zisebenzisa i-DC, kwaye izitishi zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-DC ziya zisiba zizinto eziqhelekileyo.

 

Isiphelo: Intsebenziswano Edibeneyo

Umahluko phakathi kwe-AC ne-DC awukho malunga nokuba yeyiphi engcono; kodwa malunga nokuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo kulo msebenzi. Ihlabathi lethu lanamhlanje lixhomekeke kwintsebenziswano enobuchule phakathi kwezi zimbini.

 

I-ACyintshatsheli yeukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokusasazwa komgama omde, enikwe amandla ngabantu abathobekileyo kodwa ababalulekileyoisiguquli samandla.

 

I-DCyintshatsheli yeukugcinwa kwamandla kunye ne-elektroniki yedijithaliezinika amandla ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

 

E-I-Arhente yezeMpilo kaRhulumente, singabachwephesha kwicala le-AC lobudlelwane. Siyila kwaye senza izinto ezithembekileyoabaguquli bamandlaezibumba umqolo weziseko zombane, ziqinisekisa ukuba umbane we-AC oveliswa kwisikhululo uhanjiswa ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo emnyango wakho.