Igazi lobomi leeTransformers: Ukusuka kwiOyile yeMineral ukuya kwiEsters zeNdalo

Intshayelelo

Ioyile yetransformer idla ngokubizwa ngokuba "ligazi" letransformer. Iyagquma, ipholise, ikhusele, kwaye ide ixilonge. Kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ioyile yeminerali ephuma kwipetroleum ibisoloko iyindlela eqhelekileyo yokukhetha. Kodwa iinkxalabo ezikhulayo zokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lomlilo ziye zakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezinye iindlela—ngokukodwa, iioyile ze-ester zendalo eziphuma kwimithombo yemifuno.

Eli nqaku lilandelela ukuvela kwezinto ezithintela ubushushu ze-transformer kwaye lichaza ukuba la mahluko athetha ukuthini kwiingcali zokuthenga.

Inxalenye Yokuqala: Iindima Ezininzi Zeoyile Yokuguqula

Ukufakwa kwe-insulation.Indima ephambili kukubonelela ngobushushu bombane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo. Amandla ayo aphezulu e-dielectric athintela ii-short circuits kunye nokuqhekeka kombane.

Ukupholisa.Ioyile ijikeleza ngee-windings kunye ne-core, ithwala ubushushu ukuya kwii-radiator apho isasazeka khona emoyeni.

Ukucima i-Arc.Ukuba kuvela impazamo yangaphakathi, ioyile inceda ekucimeni i-arc ephumayo, ithintele iingxaki ezincinci ukuba zingabi nkulu.

Ukhuseleko.Ioyile yenza umqobo phakathi kwezinto zesinyithi kunye neoksijini, ithintela ukugqwala.

Uxilongo.Ioyile isebenza njengomthwali wolwazi. Uhlalutyo lwegesi enyibilikisiweyo lulinganisa iigesi eziveliswa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempazamo, nto leyo enika isilumkiso kwangethuba seengxaki ezikhulayo.

Icandelo Lesibini: Ioyile Yeminerali—Umgangatho Omdala Wenkulungwane

Icociwe nge-petroleum eluhlaza, i-oyile yeminerali inika iingenelo ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ukufumaneka kwihlabathi liphela, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye namandla agqwesileyo e-dielectric.

Nangona kunjalo, inemida yayo. Indawo yayo yomlilo iphantsi kakhulu—malunga ne-145°C ukuya kwi-160°C—okudala umngcipheko womlilo kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Iyabola kancinci kancinci, ngesiqhelo ngama-30 ekhulwini kuphela, oko kuthetha ukuba ukuchitheka kwayo kunokubangela umonakalo kwindalo esingqongileyo ixesha elide. Kwaye njengemveliso yepetroli, ayinakuvuseleleka.

Icandelo Lesithathu: Ii-Esters Zendalo—Indlela Eluhlaza Eyenye

Ezivela kwiisoya, imbewu yerapeseed, kunye nezinye iioyile zemifuno, ii-esters zendalo ziye zavela njengenye indlela ekhokelayo.

Ukhuseleko lomlilo.Amaqondo obushushu adlula i-300°C—ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini kuneoyile yeminerali—okuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kwiindawo zasezidolophini nangaphakathi.

Ukuhambelana kokusingqongileyo.Zibola lula, zifikelela kumazinga okubola angama-97 ekhulwini nangaphezulu kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Ubomi Obude Bokugquma.Iphepha elifakwe kwi-ester yendalo linokuhlala ixesha elide ngokuphindwe kayi-2.5 ukuya kutsho ka-5 kune-oyile yeminerali phantsi koxinzelelo olufanayo lobushushu. Ii-ester zendalo zifunxa amanzi angaphezulu ebeya kuthoba iphepha kwaye enze amakhonkco okukhusela kunye neemolekyuli ze-cellulose.

Izifundo ziqinisekisa ezi nzuzo. Kwi-100°C ixesha elide, i-ester yendalo igcine i-voltage ephezulu yokuqhekeka kuneoyile yeminerali ngelixa ibonisa amandla aphezulu okuxinana kunye nokumelana okuzinzileyo.

Icandelo Lesine: Ngaphaya kwee-Esters zeNdalo—ii-Esters zokwenziwa kunye neeTekhnoloji ezisakhasayo

Kwimozulu ebanda kakhulu kunye neeklasi ze-voltage eziphezulu, ii-esters zokwenziwa zibonelela ngozinzo oluphuculweyo lwe-oxidation kunye nokusebenza kobushushu obuphantsi ngelixa zigcina iingenelo zokusingqongileyo.

Eyona ndawo yamva nje ibandakanya i-nanotechnology. Ii-nanoparticles ze-titanium dioxide zinokunciphisa i-pour point ukusuka kwi--5°C ukuya kwi--32°C, nto leyo evumela ukusetyenziswa kwimozulu ebandayo. Ii-nanosheets ze-hexagonal boron nitride ziphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40%. Ii-iron-copper composite particles zonyusa i-breakdown voltage ngama-32%. Olu tshintsho lukhomba kwikamva apho ii-esters zilingana okanye zigqitha ioyile yeminerali kuzo zonke iindidi zokusebenza.

Icandelo lesihlanu: Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kubathengi ngokukhetha

Indawo yokusetyenziswa.Kwiindawo zangaphakathi, zasezidolophini, okanye ezibuthathaka kokusingqongileyo, ii-esters zendalo zithethelela ixabiso lazo ngokhuseleko lomlilo kunye nokunciphisa uxanduva.

Imozulu.Ii-esters zendalo zinobukrakra obuphezulu kuneoyile yeminerali, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukupholisa kwiindawo ezibandayo. Ubuchwepheshe bokongeza bunciphisa lo msantsa.

Ixabiso lexabiso xa lithelekiswa nexabiso lomjikelo wobomi.Ii-esters zendalo zibiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa ixesha elide lokukhusela ubushushu linokunciphisa iindleko zobunini bazo kwiminyaka emininzi.

Ukuthobela iMigangatho.I-IEC 60296 igubungela ioyile yeminerali; i-IEC 62770 igubungela ii-esters zendalo. Abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ulwelo luyahlangabezana neemfuno ezifanelekileyo.

Isiphelo

Ioyile yetransformer iguqukele ekubeni yimveliso elula yepetroleum yaya kulwelo oluyilwe ngobuchule. Ii-esters zendalo ngoku zibonelela ngokhuseleko lomlilo, ukuhambelana nokusingqongileyo, kunye nobomi obude bokugquma obungenakufaniswa neoyile yeminerali. Ii-esters zokwenziwa zityhalela phambili imida yokusebenza. Kwiingcali zokuthenga, ukuqonda ezi ndlela kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi.