Uhambo Olude: Indlela Abaguquli Abasinda Ngayo Uthutho Nokufakwa

Intshayelelo

Kwi-transformer enkulu yamandla, uhambo oluvela kumzi-mveliso ukuya kwisitishi esingaphantsi lucelomngeni lobunjineli ngokwalo. Zinobunzima obungamakhulu eetoni kwaye ziqulethe izinto zangaphakathi ezibuthathaka, ezi mpahla zijongene nemingcipheko emikhulu ngexesha lokuthuthwa—imingcipheko, ukuba ayilawulwa, inokukhokelela kumonakalo ofihlakeleyo kunye nokusilela kwangethuba. Ukuqonda izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuthuthweni nasekufakweni kwe-transformer kubalulekile kwiingcali zokuthenga ekufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba utyalo-mali lwazo lufika ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye lusebenza ngokuthembekileyo.

Inxalenye Yokuqala: Iindlela Zothutho kunye Nemida

Iitransformer ezinkulu zihlala zithuthwa ziitreyila zendlela ezikhethekileyo, iinqanawa zikaloliwe, okanye iinqanawa zaselwandle, kuxhomekeke kumgama kunye nokufikeleleka kwendawo. Kwizithuthi zendlela, umthwalo unokuba mkhulu—iprojekthi yakutshanje ibandakanya itransformer enobunzima obuziikhilogram ezingama-800,000 (iitoni ezingama-363) eshukunyiswa ebusuku kunye nezithuthi zomqhubi ezintathu kunye namapolisa amathandathu, nto leyo ethatha iiyure ezintandathu ukugqiba indlela ebhalwe ngononophelo.

Imiqathango yesantya ibalulekile. Izithuthi zothutho zihlala zigcina isantya esiphakathi se-40 km/h, zingadluli kwi-60 km/h. Imiqathango yokuthambeka ibaluleke ngokulinganayo: i-axis ende yomzimba we-transformer akufuneki ithambeke ngaphezulu kwe-15 degrees, ngelixa i-axis emfutshane ilinganiselwe kwi-10 degrees.

Iitransformer ezininzi ezinkulu zithuthwa ngaphandle kweoyile ukunciphisa ubunzima. Endaweni yoko, itanki izaliswe yinitrogen eyomileyo ukuthintela ukufunxwa komswakama nokugcina uxinzelelo oluhle, oluqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-0.01 MPa kunye ne-0.03 MPa. Olu xinzelelo kufuneka lujongwe rhoqo kulo lonke uhambo.

Icandelo Lesibini: Indima Ebalulekileyo Yabarekhoda Impembelelo

Iitransformer zixhotyiswe ngeerekhoda zempembelelo ezinemilinganiselo emithathu ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zilinganisa ukutsha, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokuthambeka kuzo zonke ii-axes, zibhala iziganeko nge-timestamps ezichanekileyo. Kwiitransformer ezinerekhoda ye-31,500 kVA nangaphezulu, iirekhoda zempembelelo ziyindlela eqhelekileyo.

Umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo wokukhathazeka yi-3 g (ukukhawuleziswa komxhuzulane okuphindwe kathathu). Ukuba iimpembelelo ezirekhodiweyo zidlula eli xabiso, ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kuyimfuneko ngaphambi kokuba i-transformer inikwe amandla. Iirekhodi zempembelelo zanamhlanje zibonelela ngezilumkiso zexesha langempela kunye nedatha yendawo ye-GPS, okuvumela uphando olukhawulezileyo lomonakalo onokubakho.

Xa ifika, idatha yerekhoda ihlolwa ngokudibeneyo ngumvelisi, umboneleli wezothutho, kunye nomthengi. Olu rekhodi lusebenza njengobungqina obubalulekileyo kwiibango zeinshorensi kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho, luthintela umonakalo ofihlakeleyo woomatshini ukuba ungabonwa.

Inxalenye Yesithathu: Ukwamkela kunye nokufakwa kwesiza

Xa kufika, kuhlolwa ngokucwangcisiweyo. Abasebenzi bajonga ukuvuza kweoyile, umonakalo kwiibhantshi kunye neeradiator, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba onke amaxwebhu—kuquka iingxelo zovavanyo kunye nedatha yerekhoda yempembelelo—agqityiwe.

Kwii-transformers ezizaliswe yi-nitrogen, uxinzelelo luyaqinisekiswa ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe nawuphi na umsebenzi. Ukuba iyunithi ibigcinwe ixesha elide, kufuneka ijongwe rhoqo uxinzelelo; eminye imigangatho iyalela ukuba kuhlolwe uxinzelelo imihla ngemihla.

Ukufakelwa kulandela inkqubo elandelelanayo ngononophelo. Kwiitransformer ezifuna ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi (ngesiqhelo ezo zifumene impembelelo enkulu okanye ebezigcinwe ngaphaya kwexesha elithile), iimeko ezilawulwayo zibalulekile. Umswakama ongqongileyo kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwama-75 ekhulwini, kwaye umbindi akufuneki uvezwe emoyeni ixesha elingaphezulu kwexesha elithile—ngesiqhelo iiyure ezili-16 kumswakama ophakathi.

Ukulungiswa kwe-vacuum kubalulekile ekuzalisweni kweoyile. I-transformer ifakwa phantsi kwe-vacuum enzulu ukuze kususwe umswakama nomoya kwi-insulation ngaphambi kokuba ioyile ingeniswe. Le nkqubo ingathatha iintsuku ezininzi: ityala elinye elibhaliweyo lifuna iintsuku ezintathu zokufakwa kwe-vacuum kulandele iintsuku ezimbini zokufakwa kwe-vacuum.

Icandelo Lesine: Uvavanyo Lokugunyazisa

Ngaphambi kokufaka amandla, uthotho lweemvavanyo luqinisekisa imeko ye-transformer:

• Umlinganiselo wokumelana nobushushu (kufuneka ube yi-70% ubuncinane yexabiso lefektri)
• Imilinganiselo yokumelana ne-DC kuzo zonke ii-windings (ukungalingani akufuneki kudlule kwi-2%)
• Ukuqinisekiswa komlinganiselo wokujika kuzo zonke iindawo zokucofa
• Uvavanyo lweoyile yetransformer (i-voltage yokuqhekeka idla ngokufuneka ngaphezulu kwe-35 kV)
• Uvavanyo lokuqina komoya, kusetyenziswa igesi exinzelelweyo ukujonga ukuvuza

Isiphelo

Uhambo oluvela kumzi-mveliso ukuya kwisitishi seemoto luphakathi kwamaxesha anzima kakhulu kubomi betransformer. Ucwangciso olufanelekileyo lokuthuthwa, ukujonga impembelelo ngokungqongqo, ukufakelwa ngononophelo, kunye novavanyo olucokisekileyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba impahla efikayo kwindawo leyo yiyunithi efanayo ethembekileyo eshiye umzi-mveliso. Kwiingcali zokuthenga, ukuqonda ezi nkqubo kuthetha ukubhala iinkcukacha ezingcono, uvavanyo lomthengisi olunolwazi oluthe kratya, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ubomi bempahla obude.