Ukuqonda iiThermometers zoxinzelelo, ukuchasana, kunye neFiber Optic

Ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwe Isiguquli esintywiliselwa kwioyile Ixhomekeke kakhulu ekuzinzeni kweoyile yayo yokugquma kunye namaqondo obushushu ajikelezayo. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo yimbangela ephambili yokuguga ngokukhawuleza kokugquma, ukwehla kokusebenza, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukusilela. Ke ngoko, ukujonga ubushushu yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo nezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwe-transformer. Ukusuka kwiidial zemveli zoomatshini ukuya kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje ze-fiber optic ezikrelekrele, imbali yophuhliso lwe-thermometer kukuvela kwetekhnoloji yokujonga i-transformer ukusuka ekujongeni ngaphandle ukuya kwisilumkiso esisebenzayo kwangoko.

 

Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ngokwenkqubo iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zee-thermometers ezisetyenziswa kwii-transformers ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile kwaye linike uhlalutyo olunzulu lwemigaqo yokusebenza kwazo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwazo.

 

Isahluko 1: "Umthi Wosapho" weeThermometers – Ukujonga Ngokucokisekileyo Iintlobo Ezintathu Eziphambili

Ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo yokulinganisa kunye nendawo yokufakela, ii-thermometers zee-transformers ezintywilisiweyo kwi-oyile zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe ziindidi ezintathu ezilandelayo. Zizonke, zakha inethiwekhi yokujonga enemilinganiselo emithathu ukusuka kubushushu be-oyile obuphezulu ukuya kwiindawo ezishushu ezijikelezayo.

 

1. I-Thermometer yohlobo loxinzelelo (I-Thermometer yokufunda kude)

Umgaqo Wokusebenza: Esi sisixhobo soomatshini esiqhelekileyo esisekelwe ekwandiseni/ekuncipheni kobushushu kunye nokudluliselwa koxinzelelo lolwelo/igesi. Inkqubo inamacandelo amathathu:

 

Ibhalbhu yobushushu (Inzwa): Ifakwe kwioyile ephezulu kwitanki yetransformer, izaliswe yindawo ethintela ubushushu (umz., ulwelo, igesi, okanye ulwelo olubila kancinci).

 

Ityhubhu yeCapillary: Ityhubhu yesinyithi ende, ebhityileyo edibanisa ibhalbhu nentloko yegeyiji, egcwele i-medium ehambisa uxinzelelo.

 

Intloko yokulinganisa (Isalathisi): Ifakwe eludongeni lwetanki yetransformer okanye ikhabhinethi yokulawula, mhlawumbi ikude ngemitha ukusuka kwibhalbhu. Umbindi wayo yityhubhu yeBourdon - ityhubhu yesinyithi egobileyo nethambileyo. Xa ibhalbhu ishushu, utshintsho loxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ludluliselwa nge-capillary ukuya kwityhubhu yeBourdon, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ijike. Olu tshintsho luhambisa isalathisi ngendlela yokudibanisa, lubonisa ubushushu.

 

Iimpawu eziphambili:

 

Yenziwe ngoomatshini kuphela, ayifuni mandla angaphandle, ayifuni kuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, ithembekile kakhulu.

 

Intloko yegeyiji ingafakelwa kude ukuze kube lula ukuyifunda kwindawo ohlala kuyo.

 

Ngokwesiqhelo zixhotyiswe ngoonxibelelwano aba-1-2 abalungisekayo kwimisebenzi ye-alamu yobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nemisebenzi yokuhamba.

 

Ukuchaneka kunye nesantya sokuphendula kuhamba kancinci xa kuthelekiswa neentlobo ze-elektroniki, kwaye ityhubhu ye-capillary isengozini yokonakala koomatshini.

 

Indlela Eqhelekileyo Yokusebenza: Isixhobo esiphambili sokujonga kunye nesokulumkisa ubushushu beoyile ephezulu, uphawu oluphantse lube loluqhelekileyo kuzo zonke ii-transformers ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile.

 

2. Isikhangeli soBushushu bokuxhathisa (RTD, umz., PT100)

Umgaqo Wokusebenza: Ngokusekelwe kwipropati apho ukumelana komqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha kutshintsha khona ngokweqondo lobushushu. Eyona nto iqhelekileyo yokuva yithemometha yokumelana neplatinum, apho i-PT100 ibonisa ukumelana kwe-100 ohms kwi-0°C. Ukumelana kwayo kutshintsha ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthe ngqo ngokweqondo lobushushu.

 

Izinto eziyinxalenye yeNkqubo:

 

I-Platinum RTD Probe: Ifakwe kwi-thermometer equleni phezulu kwe-transformer, intywiliswe kwioyile.

 

Ukulinganisa iBridge kunye neTransmitter: Idla ngokudityaniswa kwiyunithi yolawulo ekrelekrele. I-circuitry echanekileyo ilinganisa ukumelana kwe-PT100 kwaye iyiguqulele kwisignali yangoku ye-4-20mA eqhelekileyo okanye isignali yedijithali.

 

Iimpawu eziphambili:

 

Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokulinganisa, imiqondiso inokudluliselwa kumgama omde, ukhuseleko oluhle lwengxolo.

 

Isiphumo sisignali yombane eqhelekileyo, edityaniswe ngokulula namaqonga okusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo afana ne-SCADA (Ulawulo loLawulo kunye nokuFunyanwa kwedatha) kunye ne-DCS (iiNkqubo zoLawulo eziSasazwayo) zokujonga okukude.

 

Ihlala ifakelwa ecaleni kwe-thermometer yohlobo loxinzelelo, esebenza njengendlela engafunekiyo okanye echanekileyo kakhulu yokujonga kude kunye nokurekhoda ubushushu beoyile.

 

Ukusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo: Kusetyenziselwa ukusasaza okukude kunye nokubeka esweni kwedijithali ubushushu beoyile ephezulu, isiseko sezikhululo zanamhlanje ezizenzekelayo nezingenamntu.

 

3. Inkqubo yokulinganisa ubushushu be-Fiber Optic Winding (Umlinganiselo we-"Hot-Spot" oPhambili kakhulu)

Umgaqo Wokusebenza: Okwangoku le yeyona teknoloji ithe ngqo nephucukileyo yokujonga ubushushu obujikelezayo. Isekelwe kwifiziksi yeFiber Bragg Gratings.

 

I-Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensor: Utshintsho oluqhubekayo kwi-refractive index (i-grating) lubhalwa kwicandelo le-fiber ekhethekileyo ye-optical kusetyenziswa i-laser. Impawu yalo ephambili: Ukukhanya kwe-wavelength ethile (i-Bragg wavelength) kuyabonakaliswa, kwaye le wavelength ebonakalisiweyo itshintsha ngokuthe ngqo ngotshintsho kubushushu (okanye uxinzelelo) kwindawo ye-grating.

 

Inkqubo yokulinganisa: Intambo ye-fiber optic eguquguqukayo efakwe kwiisensa ezininzi ze-FBG ifakwa ngqo phakathi kweengqimba zokufakelwa kwe-insulation ze-high-voltage windings kwiindawo ezishushu eziqikelelweyo ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-transformer. Inkqubo ikhupha ukukhanya kwe-broadband, kwaye ngokuhlalutya ubude bomda obuthile obuboniswa kwi-grating nganye, inokufumana ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha langempela ubushushu obupheleleyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwe-winding.

 

Iimpawu eziphambili:

 

Ukulinganiswa ngokuthe ngqo kobushushu obujikelezayo beendawo ezishushu, kungekhona uqikelelo olungathanga ngqo. Idatha iyinyani kwaye ithembekile.

 

Ikhuselekile ngaphakathi: I-optical fiber yenziwe nge-silica, ikhusela ubushushu, imelana nombane ophezulu, kwaye ayichaphazeleki kukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, isebenza ngokuzinzileyo kwiindawo eziqinileyo ze-EM.

 

Umlinganiselo osasazwe: Ifayibha enye inokusingatha iindawo ezininzi zokuva, nto leyo evumela imephu epheleleyo yobushushu bokujikeleza.

 

Isincedisi esibalulekileyo se-transformer "Dynamic Rating" kunye novavanyo lobomi bonke.

 

Indlela Eqhelekileyo Yokusetyenziswa: Iitransformer ezinkulu nezibalulekileyo (umz., ii-EHV, iitransformer eziguqulayo), izitishi ezihlakaniphileyo ezifuna ulawulo lomthamo.

 

Isahluko 2: Ingcaciso yeNgqiqo ephambili – Ubushushu beOyile ephezulu vs. Ubushushu obujikajikayo

Le yingcamango ebalulekileyo kwaye yindawo yokuqala yokukhetha iintlobo zethemometha.

 

Ubushushu beOyile ephezulu: Bulinganisa ubushushu beoyile ephezulu kwitanki. Bubonakalisa umthwalo wobushushu wetransformer iyonke kodwa bunexesha lokuhamba kancinci. Xa umthwalo utshintsha, ubushushu obujikelezayo butshintsha ngokukhawuleza, bulandelwe bubushushu beoyile. Iithermometha zohlobo loxinzelelo kunye neRTD zilinganisa oku.

 

Ubushushu beNdawo eshushu ejikajikayo: Ibhekisa kwindawo eshushu kakhulu kwi-transformer iyonke, edla ngokufumaneka kwinxalenye ephezulu ye-low-voltage winding. Yeyona parameter ibalulekileyo echaza izinga lokuguga kwe-insulation kunye nokukwazi komthwalo. Iindlela zemveli azinakulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo, endaweni yoko zixhomekeke kwi-Winding Temperature Indicator (WTI) eyilinganisa/eyiqikelelayo kusetyenziswa "ubushushu be-oyile ephezulu + ukulungiswa kwangoku." Ukulinganiswa kwe-fibre optic yeyona teknoloji inokuyilinganisa ngokuthe ngqo nangokuchanekileyo.