Amandla elanga agxininisiweyo (i-CSP): Itekhnoloji yamandla elanga eyahlukileyo ngaphaya kwe-Photovoltaics

1. Intshayelelo kwi-CSP: Utshintsho kwiParadigm kwiMandla elanga​

 

Amandla elanga aQinisekisiweyo (i-CSP) amele indlela yokuguqula indlela yokusebenzisa amandla elanga, eyahlukileyo kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic (i-PV) zemveli. Ngokungafaniyo ne-PV, eguqula ngokuthe ngqo ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane isebenzisa izixhobo ze-semiconductor, i-CSP isebenzisa izibuko okanye iilensi ukugxila ukukhanya kwelanga kwi-receiver, ivelisa ubushushu obuqhuba umjikelo we-thermodynamic ukuvelisa umbane. Olu buchule lokugcina amandla obushushu (i-TES) luvumela izityalo ze-CSP ukuba zivelise amandla athunyelwayo nokuba kusebusuku okanye kwiimeko ezinamafu, zijongana nomngcipheko obalulekileyo weenkqubo ze-PV.

 

Kwi-JZP Energy Innovations, siyayibona i-CSP njengesiseko somxube wamandla wexesha elizayo, ngakumbi kwimimandla enelanga elikhanyayo eliphezulu. Imizamo yethu yophando nophuhliso igxile ekuphuculeni ubuchwepheshe be-CSP ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokudibanisa ngokungenamthungo neenkqubo zamandla ezixutyiweyo.

 

2. Iiteknoloji eziphambili kwi-CSP: Ukusuka kwiiNkqubo zeLinear ukuya kwiTower

 

Iinkqubo ze-CSP zahlulwe ngokweendlela zazo zokugxila kwe-optical kunye noyilo lwe-receiver:

 

1. a) Abaqokeleli beMifuziselo (PTC)

 

Eyona teknoloji ye-CSP ivuthiweyo, i-PTC isebenzisa izibuko ezibonisa umgama othe tyaba ukuze igxile elangeni kwityhubhu yokwamkela equlethe ulwelo lokudlulisa ubushushu (HTF), njengetyuwa enyibilikisiweyo. Iinkqubo ze-PTC zisebenza kumaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-400°C, zilungele ukwenziwa kwe-hybrid configurations kunye nezityalo zegesi yendalo, okuvumela ukuveliswa kombane wesiseko.

 

1. b) Iinqaba zamandla elanga (i-SPT)​

 

I-SPT isebenzisa uluhlu lwee-heliostats (izipili zokulandelela) ukuze igxile elangeni kwi-receiver ephakathi phezu kwenqaba. Ngomlinganiselo woxinzelelo odlula i-1,000×, i-SPT ifikelela kumaqondo obushushu e-receiver angama-500–1,000°C, okuvumela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermodynamic kunye nokuhambelana nemijikelo yamandla ephambili efana nee-turbines ze-CO₂ ezibalulekileyo.

 

1. c) IiReflectors zeLinear Fresnel (LFR)​

 

Iinkqubo ze-LFR zisebenzisa izibuko ezisicaba ezicwangciswe ngokweenxalenye ezithe tye ukunciphisa iindleko zemali ngelixa zigcina ukusebenza kakuhle. Uyilo lwazo lwemodyuli luhambelana nezicelo ezisasazwayo, ezinje ngobushushu benkqubo yemizi-mveliso okanye ukukhupha ityuwa emanzini.

 

1. d) Iinkqubo zokuxubha izitya​

 

Iinkqubo zezitya zisebenzisa izitya eziziimpawu ezifanayo ukuze zigxile elangeni kwisixhobo sokwamkela esiqhagamshelwe kwinjini yeStirling, nto leyo efikelela kwi-31–32% yokusebenza kakuhle kwezi nkqubo. Ezi nkqubo zibalasele ekuveliseni izinto ezisasazekileyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezikude.

 

3. Iingenelo zoKhuphiswano ze-CSP ngaphezu kwe-Photovoltaics​

 

Nangona i-PV ilawula iimarike zokuhlala nezorhwebo, i-CSP inika iingenelo ezikhethekileyo:

 

1. a) Ukuhlanganiswa koLondolozo lwaMandla​

 

Iinkqubo ze-TES ze-CSP, ezihlala zisebenzisa iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo, zivumela iiyure ezi-6-12 zamandla anokuthunyelwa. Umzekelo, iiprojekthi ze-JZP ze-hybrid CSP-PV kuMbindi Mpuma zisebenzisa ugcino lwetyuwa enyibilikisiweyo lweeyure ezi-8 ukuzinzisa unikezelo lwegridi ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu.

 

1. b) Usetyenziso lweZixhobo zobushushu obuphezulu​

 

Amandla e-CSP okuvelisa ubushushu obungaphezulu kwama-500°C enza ukuba ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbonization kwimizi-mveliso. I-JZP izama ukuhlaziya umphunga oqhutywa yi-CSP kwimveliso ye-hydrogen, nto leyo enciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili.

 

1. c) Amandla okudityaniswa​

 

Izityalo ze-CSP zinokusebenzisa igesi yendalo okanye i-biomass, nto leyo ephucula ukuguquguquka. EMorocco, iziko le-CSP le-JZP lidibanisa i-biogas ukuze kufezekiswe imisebenzi engama-24/7, nto leyo enciphisa ukuncitshiswa.

 

4. Imingeni kunye noBuchule kwiJZP​
5. a) Ukuncitshiswa kweendleko​

 

Ixabiso lombane elilinganisiweyo le-CSP (LCOE) lehle ukusuka kwi-$0.36/kWh ngo-2010 ukuya kwi-$0.11/kWh ngo-2023, liqhutywa kukuqhubela phambili ekuchanekeni kwesipili kunye nokuqina komkeli. Itekhnoloji ye-JZP yokubeka isipili enelungelo lobunikazi inciphisa ilahleko zokukhanya nge-15%, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko ngakumbi.

 

1. b) Ukukhula Kwemimandla Eyomileyo​

 

I-CSP iyachuma kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, kodwa imingeni efana nokukrazulwa kwesanti isaqhubeka. Iingubo zokwamkela ezichasene nokugqwala ze-JZP kunye neenkqubo zokucoca izibuko ezizenzekelayo zijongana nale micimbi, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ixesha eli-95% kwiindawo ezishushu.

 

1. c) Ukudibanisa iGridi​

 

Ukusasazwa kwe-CSP kuhambelana negunya lamandla avuselelekayo. Imodeli ye-"CSP-as-a-Service" ye-JZP inikezela ngezisombululo zokugcina ezinokulinganiswa zeenkonzo, zilinganisela amandla avuselelekayo angenaxesha njengomoya kunye ne-PV.

 

5. Imbono yeXesha elizayo: I-CSP kwiHlabathi elingena-Net-Zero​

 

Ngowama-2050, i-CSP inokubonelela nge-25% yombane wehlabathi, kunye neeprojekthi eMntla Afrika kunye ne-US Southwest ehamba phambili ekusetyenzisweni kwayo. I-JZP yingcali ephambili ekuqinisekiseni indima ye-CSP:

 

Izamkeli Ezisekelwe Kwiziqwenga: Ukutshintsha iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo ngee-ceramic particles kwenza ukuba kusebenze i-1,000°C, nto leyo enyusa ukusebenza kakuhle komjikelo ukuya kwi-50%.

 

Amafutha elanga axutyiweyo: Ubushushu obuveliswa yi-CSP busetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amafutha e-hydrogen aluhlaza kunye namafutha okwenziwa, okubonelela ngezisombululo zokugcina amandla onyaka.

 

Imisebenzi Elungiselelwe yi-AI: Ii-algorithms zokufunda koomatshini ziphucula ukulandelwa kwe-heliostat kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu, ziphucula imveliso ngelixa zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi.

 

6. Isiphelo​

 

Amandla elanga agxile kakhulu adlula imida ye-photovoltaics ngokudibanisa ukuguquguquka, ukugcinwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso. Kwi-JZP Energy Innovations, sizimisele ukuphucula i-CSP ngophando oluphambili kunye nophuhliso, ukuqinisekisa indima yayo ebalulekileyo ekutshintsheni kwehlabathi ukuya kumandla azinzileyo.

 

Joyina nathi ekwakheni ikamva lamandla eliqaqambileyo nelihlala liqinile.