I-220kV Transformer Inter-Coil Main Insulation Gap: Uhlalutyo lwe-Electric Field kunye namaqhinga okuPhucula

Intshayelelo

Kwicandelo lokudluliselwa kwamandla aphezulu, ii-transformers ze-220kV zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusasazwa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo. isithuba esiphambili sokwambathisa ubushushuphakathi kwee-transformer windings zimele enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zoyilo, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kwe-transformer, ixesha elide, kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Njengeenkokheli zemarike kwitekhnoloji ye-transformer, siyaqonda ukuba uyilo olufanelekileyo lwe-insulation lubaluleke kakhulu ekunyamezeleni uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lombane, kubandakanya ii-voltage zokusebenza eziqhubekayo, iimpumlo zombanekunye ukutshintsha kwamandla.

Eli nqaku liphonononga iindlela ezintsonkothileyo zohlalutyo lwentsimi yombane kunye namaqhinga okuphucula asebenzayo kwizithuba zokufakelwa kwe-insulation ze-220kV ze-transformer inter-coil. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokulinganisa kunye nemigaqo yoyilo olutsha, sinokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-transformer, siqinisekise ukugqwesa kokusebenza kwiindawo ezifuna kakhulu.

Iziseko zoKhuseleko oluPhambili kwiiTransformers ze-220kV

Umsantsa omkhulu wokwambathisa phakathi kwee-windings kwii-transformers ze-220kV usebenza njengomqobo oyintloko we-dielectric, othintela ukuqhekeka kombane phakathi kwee-coils ze-voltage ephezulu kunye neze-voltage ephantsi. Le nkqubo yokwambathisa kufuneka imelane kungekuphela nje neemeko zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni kodwa kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. iimeko ze-overvoltageezenzeka ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwegridi.

Kwizicelo ze-220kV, isithuba sokufaka ubushushu sidla ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yezithintelo ezininziyenziwe ngeesilinda zebhodi yokucinezela okanye ii-wraps ezahlula isithuba sibe yimijelo emininzi emincinci yeoyile. Le ndlela iphucula kakhulu i-voltage yokuqala yokukhupha okuyingxenye(PDIV) kwaye ithintela ukwakheka kweebhulorho zokungcola eziqhubayo phakathi kwee-windings. Uyilo olusisiseko lulandela umgaqo othi "ityhubhu yephepha elincinci, isithuba seoli esincinci", apho iibhodi zokucindezela izithintelo zihlala zi-2mm ubukhulu, kwaye izithuba seoli phakathi kwezithintelo ziqala kwi-6-10mm.

Ukusasazwa kwentsimi yombane ngaphakathi kwezi zikhewu akufani kwaphela, uxinzelelo loxinzeleloezenzeka kwimiphetho ejikelezayo, kwiindawo zokugoba ze-conductor, kunye neendawo zokudibanisa i-insulation. Ngaphandle kokulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo koyilo, ezi ndawo zixinezelekileyo zinokuqalisa imisebenzi yokukhupha i-insulation engaphelelanga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwe-insulation okuqhubekayo kunye nokungaphumeleli okunokwenzeka.

Iindlela zoHlalutyo lweMimandla yoMbane

Ukulinganisa iFinite Element Method (FEM)

Uyilo lwanamhlanje lokukhusela ubushushu luxhomekeke kakhulu Uhlalutyo lwezinto ezilinganiselweyo(FEA) ukuze kusetyenziswe imaphu yentsimi yombane echanekileyo. Ngokwahlula i-geometry ye-insulation ibe ngamawaka ezinto ezihlukeneyo, i-FEM inokubala usasazo olunokwenzekakwaye amandla entsimingocoselelo olumangalisayo. Kwii-transformers ze-220kV, olu hlalutyo luhlala lugxile kwiindawo ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ubushushu obuphezulu, icandelo eliphakathi phakathi kwee-windingskunye ubushushu obuphantsi.

Iimodeli zethu zibonisa ukuba amandla aphezulu ombane kwiitransformer ze-220kV adla ngokwenzeka kwi- iikona zomphezulu wangaphakathiii-windings ze-high-voltage, ingakumbi kufutshane namacandelo esiphelo somgca. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-lightning impulse (1050kV kwiinkqubo ze-220kV), ezi ndawo zinokufumana amandla entsimi angaphezulu kwe-8-9kV/mm, zisondela kwimida yokuqhekeka kwezinto zokukhusela.

Ukuchongwa kweendawo ezixinezelekileyo zoxinzelelo

Ngohlalutyo olupheleleyo lwentsimi yombane, sichonge iindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zoxinzelelo ezifuna ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwiitransformer ze-220kV:

• Iindawo ezijikelezayoIikona ezibukhali kwiziphelo ezijikelezayo zenza uxinaniso olukhulu lwentsimi, nto leyo edinga iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokubeka amanqaku.
• Unxibelelwano phakathi kokugquma okuqinileyo kunye nokugquma okumanzi: Iipropati ze-dielectric ezahlukeneyo ze-pressboard kunye ne-oyile zenza ukuqina kwentsimi kwiindawo zazo zokunxibelelana.
• Iindawo zokuphuma ezikhokelela: Iindawo zotshintsho apho iileyiti ezine-voltage ephezulu ziphuma khona ii-windings zizisa ukusasazwa kwentsimi okunzima kakhulu okufuna uhlalutyo olunemilinganiselo emithathu.

Kwii-transformers ze-220kV, amandla aphezulu ombane adla ngokuvela kwiidiski zokuqala ezimbalwa kufutshane nesiphelo somgca nakwiindawo zokudibana phakathi kweediski ezidibeneyo neziqhelekileyo ngexesha leemeko zokushukuma. Ezi ndawo zifuna amanyathelo okukhulisa ubushushu ukuze kuthintelwe ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwangethuba.

Amaqhinga okuphucula izikhewu eziphambili zokufakelwa kobushushu

Ukulungiswa kweJiyometri

Ukubumba i-electrodeimele enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokuphucula ukusasazwa kwentsimi. Ngokutshintsha iikona ezibukhali nge iiprofayili ezigobileyokunye nokuphumeza ii-electrode ze-toroidal, singanciphisa amandla aphezulu entsimi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30-40%. Kwii-transformers ze-220kV, oku kuquka:

• Amaringi okuphela angaguqukiyo(SER) kwiiterminal ezijikelezayo ukuze kudalwe ii-gradients ezinokuba nomtsalane ngakumbi.
• Iindandatho ze-engilengeeprofayili ezimalunga nemigca ye-equipotential, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo lwe-tangential kwiindawo ze-pressboard.
• Iikhowuni zoxinzelelokwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga umda ukuze kulawulwe ukwahluka kwentsimi kunye nokunciphisa uxinaniso.

Ukulungiswa kwerediyasi yokugoba kubaluleke kakhulu - ukwandisa irediyasi yekona yee-conductors kunye neeringi ezimileyo kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukuqina kwentsimi (amandla entsimi ∝ 1/irediyasi).

Izixhobo zokukhusela eziPhambili

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-insulation. Ii-transformer zethu ze-220kV zisebenzisa:

• Ibhodi yokucinezela enoxinano oluphezulukunye nozinzo oluphuculweyo kunye namandla aphezulu e-dielectric.
• Amaphepha aphuculweyo ngobushushuezibonelela ngokunyamezela okuphezulu kobushushu, zigcina iipropati ze-dielectric kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
• Izinto eziphuculweyo zeNanocompositeapho ii-nanoparticles (SiO₂, Al₂O₃) ezongezwe kwi-epoxy okanye kwi-oyile ziphucula amandla e-dielectric ngama-20-30% ngelixa ziphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu.

Ezi zinto ziphambili zivumela uyilo oluncinci lokukhusela ubushushu ngelixa zigcina okanye ziphucula imida yokuthembeka. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokukhusela ubushushu ezihlanganisiweyo kunokwandisa ubomi bokukhusela ubushushu ngama-20-30% xa kuthelekiswa nezinto eziqhelekileyo.

Uqwalaselo lweNkqubo yoKhuseleko

Ukuphucula ulungiselelo olubonakalayo lwezinto zokwambathisa i-insulation kuvelisa uphuculo olubalulekileyo:

• Iinkqubo zokukhusela ezikumgangatho ophezuluapho ubukhulu bokugquma buhluka ngokwendlela i-voltage esasazwa ngayo ecaleni kwendlela yokujika.
• Ukulungiswa kokubekwa kwemiqobokusetyenziswa uhlalutyo lwe-FEM ukumisela iindawo ezifanelekileyo zebhodi yokucinezela ezinciphisa uxinzelelo olukhulu lwesithuba seoyile.
• Ubungakanani bemibhobho yeoyileokulinganisela iimfuno zombane (izikhewu ezincinci zePDIV ephezulu) neemfuno zokupholisa (ukuhamba kweoyile okwaneleyo).

Kwii-transformers ze-220kV, sifumanise ukuba iindlela zokujika ezidityanisiweyokunye neepesenti ezingaphezulu kwama-65-70% ziphucula kakhulu ukusasazwa kwe-impulse voltage, zinciphisa uxinzelelo kwiidiski ezimbalwa zokuqala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% xa kuthelekiswa noyilo oluqhelekileyo.

Isifundo seTyala: Ukuphunyezwa okuPhumeleleyo kwiTransformer ye-220kV

Iprojekthi yethu yakutshanje equka i-220kV high-impedance transformer ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezi ndlela zokuphucula. Uyilo lokuqala lubonise ubuninzi obugqithisileyo bombane (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-9.5kV/mm) kwisithuba esiphambili sokufakelwa kombane phakathi kwe-high-voltage kunye ne-low-voltage windings, ingakumbi kufutshane neziphelo ze-winding.

Ngokusebenzisa uhlalutyo lwe-FEM oluphindaphindayo sisebenzisa isoftware ekhethekileyo (i-HSSSM), siqalise iphakheji yophuculo olupheleleyo:

1. Isangqa se-electrostatic esiyilwe ngokutshaenogobile olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokubekwa kwayo.
2. Amakhonkco e-engile angezelelweyokwimiphetho ejikelezayo ukuze kwahlulwe umthamo weoyile kwaye kuphuculwe amandla okurhubuluza.
3. Ulungiselelo lomqobo oluguquliweyoukudala izikhewu ezincinci nezifanayo zeoyile (6-8mm) endaweni yezikhewu ezinkulu zokuqala (12-15mm).

Iziphumo bezimangalisa: amandla aphezulu entsimi ancitshisiwe ukuya kwi-6.2kV/mm (uphuculo lwe-35%), kunye nokusasazwa kwentsimi okufanayo kuyo yonke isakhiwo sokufakelwa kwe-insulation. I-transformer eguquliweyo iphumelele ngempumelelo zonke iimvavanyo zesiqhelo nezohlobo, kubandakanya uvavanyo lokumelana ne-voltage yamandla (460kV umzuzu o-1) kunye novavanyo lwe-lightning impulse (1050kV), kunye namanqanaba okukhupha angaphantsi kwe-10pC rhoqo.

Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kwiMveliso nakwiMigangatho

Kwanoyilo oluntsonkothileyo alusebenzi ngaphandle kolawulo olufanelekileyo lokuvelisa. Inkqubo yethu yokuqinisekisa umgangatho we-220kV transformer insulation ibandakanya:

• Ulawulo lwenkqubo yezibalongexesha lokwenziwa kwebhodi yokucinezela kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto.
• Ukomisa nge-vacuum kunye nokufunxwa ngeoyileiinkqubo eziqinisekisa ukususwa ngokupheleleyo komswakama kunye neegesi ezinokubangela ukukhutshwa okungaphelelanga.
• Imephu yokukhupha inxalenyengexesha lovavanyo lwe-impulse ukuze kuchongwe kwaye kulungiswe naziphi na iimpazamo zokwenziwa.

Kwii-transformers ze-220kV, sisebenzisa imigaqo engqongqo yococeko ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa kwe-winding kunye nemisebenzi yokubeka i-tank, njengoko nezinto ezingcolisayo ezincinci zinokunciphisa kakhulu amandla okukhusela phantsi kwamandla ombane aphezulu.

Iindlela Zekamva KwiTekhnoloji Yokufaka Izinto Ezishushu

Uphuhliso lwe-insulation ye-transformer luyaqhubeka kunye nophuhliso oluninzi oluthembisayo:

• Itekhnoloji yamawele edijithaliukudala iikopi ezibonakalayo zeenkqubo zokukhusela ubushushu ukuze kujongwe ukusebenza ngexesha langempela kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili.
• Ukubeka esweni imeko ngendlela ephucukileyokusetyenziswa izinzwa ze-fiber optic ezifakwe ngaphakathi ukulandelela umsebenzi wokukhupha okungaphelelanga kunye neendawo ezishushu ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-transformer.
• Ulwelo lokukhusela olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyoezifana nee-esters zendalo ezibonelela ngeendawo zomlilo eziphezulu kunye nokuhambelana okuphuculweyo kokusingqongileyo ngelixa zigcina ukusebenza kwe-dielectric.

Kwizicelo ze-220kV, sinomdla kakhulu izicelo zokufunda koomatshiniekuphuculeni uyilo lwe-insulation, apho ii-algorithms zinokuvavanya ngokukhawuleza amawaka eenguqu zoyilo ukuze kuchongwe ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo olulinganisela izinto zombane, ubushushu, kunye noqoqosho.

Isiphelo

Ukulungiswa kwezithuba zokufakelwa kwe-220kV transformer inter-coil main insulation gaps kubonisa umngeni wobunjineli ontsonkothileyo ofuna ulwazi olunzulu lwethiyori ye-dielectric, amandla okulinganisa aphambili, kunye nobuchule bokuvelisa obusebenzayo. Ngokusebenzisa uhlalutyo olubanzi lwentsimi yombane kunye namaqhinga okuphucula ajoliswe kuwo, sinokuphucula kakhulu ukuthembeka kwe-transformer kunye nobude bayo.

Indlela yethu ibonisa ukuba uyilo lokufakelwa kwezinto ezisemgangathweni aluphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwe-dielectric kodwa lukwavumela ii-transformers ezincinci nezingabizi kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa ezi ndlela ziphambili, sinikezela ngee-transformers ezidlula imigangatho yoshishino ngelixa sinika abathengi bethu ukuthembeka okuphezulu kokusebenza kunye neendleko ezipheleleyo zobunini.

Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokutshintsha, sisazimisele ukuhlanganisa uphuhliso lwamva nje kuyilo lwe-insulation, siqinisekisa ukuba abathengi bethu bayazuza kwizisombululo ze-transformer ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo ezikhoyo kwimarike.

Nxibelelana neqela lethu lobunjineli namhlanjeukuxoxa ngendlela ubuchule bethu bokuyila i-insulation obunokuphucula ngayo ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kweeprojekthi zakho ze-transformer ze-220kV.